The present study documents eight
new specimens of decapod crustaceans from the Early Cretaceous
(Albian) of Haute-Marne (Grand Est, France), located on the eastern
margin of the Paris Basin. They are assigned to Eryma Meyer, 1840, with E.vocontii Devillez, Charbonnier, Hyžný &
Leroy, 2016 (Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925), Rathbunopon Stenzel, 1945, with R.brisaci n. sp. (Prosopidae Meyer, 1860),
Paranecrocarcinus Van
Straelen, 1936, with P.perchati n. sp. (Necrocarcinidae Förster,
1968), and Joeranina Van
Bakel, Guinot, Artal, Jagt & Fraaije, 2012, with J.scheitzi n. sp. (Palaeocorystidae
Lőrenthey in Lőrenthey
& Beurlen, 1929). The lobster Erymavocontii was previously known by a few
fossils only found at the type locality, in the South-East Basin of
France, 360 km southward. This new occurrence suggests a significantly
broader distribution for this species. A notable aspect of one of the
new specimens is the presence of an epibiontic mollusk fixed on the
carapace, representing the first documented instance of such an
association with an Early Cretaceous erymid lobster. Rathbunoponbrisaci n. sp. represents the second record
of this genus in France, after the record of R. tuberculatum (Van Straelen, 1936) from
the Hauterivian of Auxerre (Yonne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). The new
species confirms the stratigraphic range of the genus limited to the
Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian-Albian)-early Late Cretaceous
(Cenomanian). Paranecrocarcinusperchati n. sp. represents the second
report of this genus from the Early Cretaceous of France, after the
record of the type-species P.
hexagonalis Van Straelen, 1936 from the Hauterivian of Auxerre
(Yonne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). Joeranina scheitzi n. sp. represents the
second species of Joeranina found in the Early Cretaceous of
France.
KEYWORDS: Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymida, Brachyura, Podotremata, Gymnopleura, new species.
La présente étude
documente huit nouveaux spécimens de crustacés décapodes du Crétacé
inférieur (Albien) de Haute-Marne (Grand Est, France), situé sur la
marge orientale du bassin de Paris. Ils sont attribués à Eryma Meyer, 1840, avec E. vocontii Devillez, Charbonnier, Hyžný &
Leroy, 2016 (Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925), Rathbunopon Stenzel, 1945, avec R. brisaci n. sp. (Prosopidae Meyer, 1860),
Paranecrocarcinus Van
Straelen, 1936, avec P.
perchati n. sp.
(Necrocarcinidae Förster, 1968), et Joeranina Van Bakel, Guinot, Artal, Jagt
& Fraaije, 2012, avec J. scheitzi n. sp. (Palaeocorystidae Lőrenthey
in Lőrenthey &
Beurlen, 1929). Le homard Erymavocontii n’était auparavant connu que par
quelques fossiles trouvés uniquement dans la localité type, dans le
bassin du Sud-Est de la France, à 360 km au sud. Cette nouvelle
occurrence suggère une distribution significativement plus large pour
l’espèce. L’un des nouveaux spécimens présente un mollusque épibionte
fixé sur la carapace, ce qui constitue le premier cas documenté d’une
telle association chez les érymides du Crétacé inférieur. Rathbunopon brisaci n. sp.
représente le second signalement de ce genre en France, après celui de
R. tuberculatum (Van Straelen, 1936) de
l’Hauterivien d’Auxerre (Yonne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). La nouvelle
espèce confirme une étendue stratigraphique du genre, limitée entre le
Crétacé inférieur (Hauterivien-Albien) et le début du Crétacé
supérieur (Cénomanien). Paranecrocarcinus perchati n. sp.
représente le second signalement de ce genre dans le Crétacé inférieur
de France, après l’espèce-type P. hexagonalis Van Straelen, 1936 de
l’Hauterivien d’Auxerre (Yonne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). Joeranina scheitzi n. sp. est
la seconde espèce de Joeranina trouvée dans le Crétacé inférieur
de France.
MOTS CLÉS: Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymida, Brachyura, Podotremata, Gymnopleura, espèces nouvelles.
The presence of Early Cretaceous decapod
crustaceans in the Paris Basin has been documented since the
mid-19th century, notably with the contributions of Robineau-Desvoidy
(1849) who is widely regarded as a pioneering figure in this
field. The exhaustive list of publications is long and beyond the
scope of this study, although some landmark papers can be mentioned
(Tribolet 1875,
1876; Van Straelen 1936; Devillez et al. 2016). The crustaceans from
the Albian stratotype have been revised recently by Breton (2010, 2011) and Breton et al. (2015) who listed about 15
different species. In the Haute-Marne department, the Lac du
Der-Chantecoq (often abbreviated to Lac du Der) is an artificial
lake designed to protect Paris from flooding. This lake is
periodically drained and the Albian deposits become accessible for
fossil collecting (Fig. 1). We
describe herein specimens recently collected in this area, including
the lobster in Lőrenthey & Beurlen,
1929, respectively.
The studied material consists of eight
specimens collected by one of the co-authors (RB), who is an amateur
palaeontologist and specialist of decapod crustaceans. They come
from the Presqu’Île de Nemours, to the east of the Lac du Der, in
the commune of Éclaron-Braucourt-Sainte Livière, Haute-Marne (Grand
Est region). The fossils in question correspond to isolated
carapaces, which were collected in clay marls and, on occasion,
found to be embedded in phosphatic nodules. Based on the associated
ammonites, the age of the fossils has been determined to be middle
Albian (et al. (2014).
During the Albian, the Lac du Der outcrop was located in the eastern
margin of the Paris Basin, which was occupied by a narrow
epicontinental sea (strait) between different landmasses and
connecting the Tethys Ocean, located to the south-east, to the
Boreal realm, toward the north-west (see palaeogeographic maps in
Amédro & Matrion
2014).
The studied specimens are currently housed in the palaeontological collection of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France.
-
-
-
-
in
Oppel, 1853) (Sinemurian-Pliensbachian), inBravi et al., 2014
(Bajocian-Bathonian), et al. 2016, 2017, 2021; Devillez &
Charbonnier 2017, 2019, 2021; Metodiev et al. 2021; Dadykin &
Schmakov 2023).
et al. 2013;
Feldmann et al. 2015).
However, the phylogenetic study provided by Charbonnier et al. (2015)
on the glypheid lobsters resulted in the exclusion of et al.
(2019), focused on erymid lobsters, concurs with the
result of Charbonnier et al. (2015), resulting in
the assignation of et al. (2019):
(Fig. 2)
et al. 2017:
780. — Devillez
& Charbonnier 2022: 282, fig. 13b, c.
Holotype.
France•3 specimens (carapaces;
adults); Grand-Est, Haute-Marne, Lac du Der, Presqu’Île de
Nemours; Early Cretaceous, middle Albian,
The carapace groove pattern of the
three specimens is typical of erymid lobsters:
well-developed cervical, postcervical and branchiocardiac
grooves, short gastro orbital groove and concavo-convex
hepatic groove. Moreover, the junction between postcervical
and branchiocardiac grooves at carapace midheight is
diagnostic of
Early Cretaceous fossils attributed to
et al. 2008;
Devillez et al. 2016,
2021; Devillez &
Charbonnier 2022; Ossó et
al. 2024). et al. 2016:
fig. 2). These specimens are also more complete and less
deformed than the holotype, with their attachment site of
mandibular muscle and pterygostomial region entirely
preserved. In addition, the specimen MNHN.F.A98128
(Fig. 2G) shows the
basis of a strong antennal spine. This specimen also carries
a fragment of an epibiontic bivalve shell fixed on its right
flank, above the junction between postcervical and
branchiocardiac grooves. Such an association is reported for
the first time in Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters, but is
well known, for instance, in mecochirid lobsters from the
Aptian of the Isle of Wight, United Kingdom (see Robin et al.
2016).
-
- PODOTREMATA Guinot, 1977
- DYNOMENIFORMIA Guinot, Tavares & Castro, 2013
-
-
et al. 2011); et al. 2011); et
al. 2018); et al. 2016);
(Fig. 3)
Diagnosis. — Carapace, subovoid almost pyriform in outline, longer than wide with maximum width in posterior third of carapace at level of metabranchial region; dorsal surface strongly sculptured, regions well defined by strong inflated tubercles and delimited by deep grooves; rostrum subtriangular, spatulate, with rounded tip; orbits large, deep, and complete; supraorbital margin with two tubercles, one bigger proximally and one smaller distally; infraorbital spine strong, dorsally visible; hook-shaped outer-orbital spine directed forward; anterolateral margins short, converging anteriorly; posterolateral margins strongly convex, converging posteriorly; posterior margin straight and rimmed; epi- and protogastric regions with one tubercle respectively; mesogastric region subtriangular elongate, with three tubercles; urogastric region with two parallel narrow transverse lobes; cardiac region inverted triangular, swollen; branchial regions separated by well-marked grooves; epibranchial region with one tubercle; meso- and metabranchial regions weakly inflated finely tuberculate; intestinal region narrow and weakly depressed; well-marked cervical, branchial, and branchiocardiac grooves.
The specific epithet honours Patrick Brisac, collector of fossils and friend of one of the authors (RB).
Holotype.
Éclaron-Braucourt-Sainte-Livière, Presqu’Île de Nemours, Lac du Der (Haute-Marne, Grand-Est, France).
Early Cretaceous (middle Albian),
Holotype. France•1 specimen
(carapace; adult); Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Yonne, Auxerre;
Early Cretaceous, Hauterivian; MHNAux.2012.0-11.
Carapace, subovoid almost pyriform in outline, longer than wide with maximum width in posterior third of carapace at level of metabranchial region (holotype: carapace length: 16 mm; width: 12 mm; paratype: carapace length without rostrum: 13 mm; width: 12 mm); dorsal surface strongly sculptured, regions well defined by strong inflated tubercles and delimited by deep grooves; dorsal surface covered with small tubercles uniformly arranged; anterolateral margins short, converging anteriorly, medially divided by cervical groove and limited by a rounded epibranchial spine directed outward; hook-shaped outer-orbital spine directed forward; posterolateral margins strongly convex, converging posteriorly twice long anterolateral margins; posterior margin straight and rimmed; front with lateral folds forming inner-orbital spines; rostrum subtriangular, spatulate, with rounded tip, downturned, strongly sulcate axially, narrowing distally; lateral margins of axial groove, reinforced with a line of aligned small tubercles; orbits large, deep, and complete; supraorbital margin with two rounded and upwardly directed tubercles, bigger proximally and smaller distally; strong hook-shaped outer-orbital spine, directed forward, closing laterally the orbit; infraorbital margin with a strong subtriangular tooth, dorsally visible; hepatic regions small, defined by a transverse inflation, contiguous to the rearmost protogastric tubercle and ending below the outer-orbital spine; epigastric region with a pair of strong tubercles located at level of rostral base where the axial depression begins; protogastric regions, with a strong posterior tubercle close to median mesogastric tubercle; mesogastric region subtriangular elongate anteriorly, longer than wide, with three tubercles, two transversely contiguous at base and one bigger in the anterior part of the region; metagastric region not distinguishable from mesogastric region; urogastric region defined by two narrow transverse parallel lobes, bounded by grooves; first urogastric lobe, strongly inflated, connecting with epibranchial lobe laterally; second urogastric lobe, strongly flat, limited by branchiocardiac grooves laterally and separated by a depression from cardiac region posteriorly; cardiac region inverted triangular elongate, weakly inflated and well bounded laterally by deep branchiocardiac groove; epibranchial regions defined by a transverse lobe with an inner single tubercle; meso- and metabranchial regions weakly inflated covered with small tubercles uniformly arranged; intestinal region narrow and flat; cervical, postcervical, branchial, and branchiocardiac grooves well marked, deep, smooth; ventral carapace and appendages not preserved.
According to Klompmaker et al. (2011)
and Ossó et al.
(2018), the studied specimens can be assigned to
According to Ossó et al.
(2018),
Klompmaker et al. (2011) revised
The poor state of preservation of the
holotype of et al. (2011), the studied
specimens differ from this species by the strongly
tuberculated dorsal ornamentation (vs indented pustules in
The epigastric regions with one pair
of strong tubercles and the epibranchial regions with one
tubercle (vs epigastric regions with two pairs of tubercles
and epibranchial regions with two tubercles in
Three species are restricted to the
Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous; see above-reported list). The
smooth cardiac region (vs cardiac region with a pair of
transverse median pits in
In conclusion, based on these
observations, we can attest that the subtriangular spatulate
rostrum with rimmed axial depression, the epibranchial
regions with an inner tubercle, and the dorsal surface
strongly tuberculate are morphological characters justifying
the description of
- GYMNOPLEURA Bourne, 1922
-
inLőrenthey & Beurlen, 1929 -
-
et al. 2012); et al. 2017);
in Ossó,
Charbonnier, Hyžný, van Bakel, Devillez, Bover-Arnal &
Moreno-Bedmar, 2024 (Aptian, Spain; Ossó et al.
2024).
(Fig. 4)
Carapace subhexagonal, moderately arched in both directions; spatulate-shaped rostrum, depressed axially, protruded beyond orbits, and strongly downturned; rostral lateral margins with one median strong swelling; supraorbital margin with two narrow fissures; anterolateral margins slightly convex, armed with small spines (4-5 as preserved); epibranchial angle strongly upturned with one well-developed rounded swelling; epigastric region flat with two post-frontal slits; protogastric regions with a pair of strong swellings and one contiguous smaller swelling, aligned transversely; cardiac region diamond shaped, slightly inflated, without tubercles; epibranchial regions with one inner small swelling close to branchiocardiac groove; mesobranchial regions with one marginal small swelling; cervical groove deep with gastric pits on either side of narrow medial gap; dorsal carapace surface from cervical groove to posterior margin covered with small granules uniformly arranged, gastric and hepatic regions scarcely granulate; granules more condensed on rostral, protogastric, epibranchial, and mesobranchial swellings.
The specific epithet honours Mikael Perchat, president of the amateur palaeontological and geological club CMPG (Club Marnais en Paléontologie et Géologie).
Holotype.
Éclaron-Braucourt-Sainte Livière, Presqu’Île de Nemours, Lac du Der (Haute-Marne, Grand-Est, France).
Early Cretaceous (middle Albian),
Carapace subhexagonal (length: c. 13 mm;
width: c. 14
mm), moderately arched in both directions; front produced as
spatulate-shaped rostrum, depressed axially, protruded
beyond orbits, and strongly downturned; rostral lateral
margins with one median strong swelling; orbits close
together directed forwards; supraorbital margin with two
narrow fissures; anterolateral margins slightly convex,
armed with small spines (4-5 as preserved); posterolateral
margins straight, backwards converging, defined by a fine
rim of granules; epibranchial angle strongly upturned with a
well-developed rounded swelling; posterior margin strongly
concave, rimmed; regions moderately defined, generally
swollen; hepatic regions small, flat; epigastric region flat
with two post-frontal slits; protogastric regions with a
pair of strong swellings and one contiguous smaller
swelling, aligned transversely; meso- and metagastric
regions indistinct; urogastric region slightly inflated;
cardiac region diamond shaped, slightly inflated, without
tubercles; intestinal region flat; epibranchial regions with
one inner small swelling close to branchiocardiac groove;
meso- and metabranchial regions fused, smooth; mesobranchial
regions with one marginal small swelling; cervical groove
deep with gastric pits on either side of narrow medial gap;
branchiocardiac grooves deep; marked cardiac region
laterally; dorsal carapace surface from cervical groove to
posterior margin covered with small granules uniformly
arranged, gastric and hepatic regions scarcely granulated;
granules more condensed on rostral, protogastric,
epibranchial, and mesobranchial swellings.
Based on Van Bakel et al. (2012)
and Schweitzer
et al.
(2018), some characters support the assignment of the
studied specimen to
Ossó et
al. (2024) provided an updated list of the
species of
As reported by Van Straelen
(1936), the urogastric region with one median tubercle
and the cardiac region with a pair of medial tubercles
exclude the specimen from belonging to
The cardiac region with three
tubercles (vs smooth cardiac region in the studied specimen)
and the mesobranchial regions smooth (vs mesobranchial
regions with one marginal small swelling in the studied
specimen) exclude the belonging of the studied specimen to
We exclude the belonging of the
studied specimen to
The spatulate-shaped rostrum strongly
downturned, the rostral lateral margins with one median
inflated swelling, the epibranchial angle strongly upturned,
the cardiac region without swellings, the mesobranchial
regions with one marginal swelling, the dorsal carapace
surface covered posteriorly with small granules uniformly
arranged, the gastric and hepatic regions scarcely
granulated, and granules more thickened on rostral,
protogastric epibranchial, and mesobranchial swellings are
enough characters to justify the description of
-
inLőrenthey & Beurlen, 1929
et al. (2012).
et al. 2012);
in Bermúdez,
Gómez-Cruz, Hyžný, Moreno-Bedmar, Barragán, Sánchez &
Vega, 2013 (Aptian-Albian, Colombia; Bermúdez et al. 2013); et al.
2012); et al.
2012); in Ossó,
Charbonnier, Hyžný, van Bakel, Devillez, Bover-Arnal &
Moreno-Bedmar, 2024 (Albian, Spain; Ossó et al.
2024).
(Fig. 5)
Small carapace, longitudinally ovate, strongly convex transversely, flat longitudinally, longer than wide; fronto-orbital margin broad; orbits wide, deep; supraorbital margin with two narrow fissures, outer-orbital spines conical, acute, forwardly directed; anterolateral margins short with two spines; posterolateral margins longer, straight, rimmed; posterior margin very short, weakly concave; hepatic regions with a pair of small suborbital protuberances; cervical groove broadly U-shaped, deeper medially, almost indistinct laterally; gastric pits close together; branchiocardiac grooves deep; axial carina weakly marked for the entire length of the carapace; dorsal surface covered with small granules uniformly arranged.
The specific epithet honours Martial Scheitz, vice-president of the amateur palaeontological and geological club CMPG (Club Marnais en Paléontologie et Géologie).
Holotype.
Éclaron-Braucourt-Sainte Livière, Presqu’Île de Nemours, Lac du Der (Haute-Marne, Grand-Est, France).
Early Cretaceous (middle Albian),
Subhexagonal carapace, longitudinally ovate, strongly convex transversely, flat longitudinally, longer than wide (holotype, length: 15 mm, width: 12 mm; paratype, length: 13 mm, width: 9 mm); fronto-orbital margin broad; rostrum no preserved; orbits broad and deep; supraorbital margins with two narrow fissures; outer-orbital spines conical, acute, forwardly directed; anterolateral margin short, slightly convex, with two spines, one at hepatic level and one at epibranchial level; posterolateral margins longer, straight, rimmed and narrowing posteriorly; posterior margin very short, weakly concave; dorsal regions indistinct; hepatic regions with a pair of small protuberances aligned transversely; cardiac region wide, well defined by deep branchiocardiac groove laterally; cervical groove, deeper medially and broadly U-shaped, laterally less marked; gastric pits distinct, close together; axial carina weakly marked; dorsal carapace surface covered with small granules uniformly arranged.
Based on Van Bakel et al. (2012)
the assignment of the studied specimens to
Ossó et
al. (2024) provided an updated list of the
species of
The well-developed axial carina, the
anterolateral margins with one spine, and the cervical
groove well marked medially and laterally rule out the
belonging of the studied specimens to
The anterolateral margins with three
spines exclude the belonging of the studied specimens to
et al.
2024)
Although
In conclusion, based on the above
comparisons restricted to the European species, some
characters (anterolateral margins short with two spines,
cervical groove broadly U-shaped, deeper medially, almost
indistinct laterally, hepatic regions with a pair of small
protuberances, gastric pits close together, and dorsal
surface covered with small granules uniformly arranged)
justify the description of
Charbonnier et
al. (2025) stipulated that only a general revision taking
into account the historical collections and the new specimens
collected by amateur palaeontologists can reveal the true richness
of the Early Cretaceous crustacean diversity of France, which is
clearly underestimated at present. The present study corroborates
their hypothesis, with the description of three new species of
brachyuran crabs and the discovery of a species of erymid lobster
hitherto unrecorded in the Paris Basin, and which was previously
known only from the South-East Basin of France. This study
illustrates the strong link between academic research and amateur
discoveries.
We thank the reviewers Àlex Ossò and Francisco J. Vega, and Lilian Cazes (MNHN, CR2P) for the photographic work.
A, lake shore with Lower Cretaceous deposits (middle Albian,
B, map of France with the three main sedimentary basins. Photograph: Richard Brochet.
žn
ý& Leroy, 2016 (
A-
D, type material from Rosans (Hautes-Alpes, South-East Basin);
E-
H, new specimens from the Lac du Der (Presqu’Île de Nemours), Éclaron-Braucourt-Sainte Livière (Haute-Marne, Paris Basin);
A-
C, holotype MNHN.F.A57457, carapace, right lateral, dorsal, and left lateral views;
D, paratype MNHN.F.A57458, P1 chela;
E,
F, carapace MNHN.F.A98126, right lateral view and line drawing;
G, carapace MNHN.F.A98128, carapace showing the basis of a strong antennal spine and a fragment of an epibiontic mollusk bivalve shell fixed near the junction between postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves (white arrow);
H, carapace MNHN.F.A98127, right lateral view. Abbreviations:
a, branchiocardiac groove;
as, antennal spine;
b, antennal groove;
b
1, hepatic groove;
c, postcervical groove;
d, gastro-orbital groove;
e
1
e, cervical groove;
i, inferior groove;
or, orbital row;
ω, attachment site of mandibular muscle;
χ, attachment site of adductor testis muscle. Scale bars: 10 mm. Photographs: Lilian Cazes (A-D), Richard Brochet (E, G, H). Line drawing: Julien Devillez.
A-
C, holotype MNHN.F.A98122, carapace, dorsal, frontal, and ventro-frontal views;
D-
F, paratype MNHN.F.A98121, carapace, dorsal, frontal, and right lateral views. Abbreviations:
a, branchiocardiac groove;
bg, branchial groove;
e
1
e, cervical groove;
es, epibranchial spine;
et, epigastric tubercle;
iot, infraorbital margin tooth;
mt, mesogastric tubercle;
o, orbit;
oos, outer-orbital spine;
pt, protogastric tubercle;
r, rostrum;
sot, supraorbital tubercle. Scale bars: 5 mm. Photographs: Richard Brochet.
A), frontal (
B), and right lateral (
C) views. Abbreviations:
a, branchiocardiac groove;
e
1
e, cervical groove;
eas, epibranchial angle swelling;
es, epibranchial swelling;
gp, gastric pit;
ms, mesobranchial swelling;
o, orbit;
ps, protogastric swelling;
r, rostrum;
rs, rostral swelling;
s, slits. Scale bars: 5 mm. Photographs: Lilian Cazes.
A-
C, holotype MNHN.F.A98124, carapace, dorsal, ventral, and frontal views;
D-
G, paratype MNHN.F.A98125, carapace, dorsal, ventral, frontal, and right lateral views. Abbreviations:
a, branchiocardiac groove;
as, anterolateral spine;
e
1
e, cervical groove;
gp, gastric pit;
hp, hepatic suborbital protuberance;
o, orbit;
oos, outer-orbital spine;
pt, pterygostome. Scale bars: 5 mm. Photographs: Richard Brochet.
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